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The Busha Cattle exists in the Balkans since Neolithic times. It is adapted to harsh environmental conditions and spread out with numerous strains, but in small fragmented relict populations throughout the Balkans. Actually these trans-boundary breed are in high danger of extinction. A meeting of experts on “Shorthorn Cattle of the Balkans” held on 2008 in Pogradec, Albania showed that population data for Busha Cattle are still missing in most of Balkan countries. In frame of “Current Status of the Brachycerous Cattle Populations in the SEE Countries” project, a survey is done but did not bring clear information about pure-bred Busha Cattle. In the FAO-EFABIS database, actual data about Busha Cattle are rare. Busha cattle, shows a very high polymorphism. Genetic distance investigations showed, that unselected Busha breeds exhibit a very high degree of diversity within an identified cluster of Brachycerous cattle. Conservation of this genetic diversity is challenging, the animals are spread out in various countries in small rapidly declining subpopulations. Due to lack of information and data, it is difficult to run sustainable conservation programmes. Consequently, to compile a sustainable breeding strategy, as one of the most important document for compile and implement a regional conservation program, collection of above information is needed: (i) data about the current status of Busha Cattle, (ii) information regarding specific products of Busha cattle and their marketing (iii) services like working power and grazing for nature protection purposes.
Short description of the task performed by Croatian partner
The “white spots” on the map of dissemination of Busha cattle shall be closed Collect data (morphological, production, reproduction traits) for characterization and differentiation the local populations of Busha breed. Molecular-genetic data to differentiate between pure and cross-bred animals that pretend to be Busha cattle from their morphology and size due to poor husbandry Identified the animals can be target for conservation programmes Collect data about the current use of Busha Cattle, market chains, products and services. Evaluation and dissemination the best practice methods for farming and marketing Development of a cross-border conservation concept, through implementation of the technical issues of conservation and approaches to a sustainable conservation in small farming systems.