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Summary of the Partner Group’s Objectives The MPPG's (Max Planck Partner Group for "Balkan Criminology") main objective is to sustain and intensify the existing collaboration of the MPICC (Max Planck Institute for Foreign and International Criminal Law) with the PFZ (Faculty of Law of the University of Zagreb) in the field of criminological and criminal justice research. The Balkans can best be described as an ‘empirical challenge’ in terms of criminological and criminal justice research, either due to the lack of adequate research counterparts, or due to difficulties encountered with access to the region. By establishing the MPPG at the PFZ, and supporting it to become a regional centre of criminological excellence, the MPICC shall gain access to the Balkans and position itself as a key player in the regional research setting. The research agenda of the MPPG for Balkan Criminology is not only in the field of, Dr. Anna-Maria Getoš, LL.M., the MPPG Leader’s expertise and proven scientific interest, but simultaneously, and more importantly, also covers priority research topics of the MPICC, as well as a European long-term research priority area: Security and stability in the Balkans. Therefore, after the presently proposed short-term capacity building phase as a MPPG (min. 3 to max. 5 years), in the long run it is expected that a regional centre of criminological excellence for Balkan Criminology at the PFZ will develop into a self-sustaining research unit closely connected to the MPICC.
Short description of the task performed by Croatian partner
The MPPG's Research Agenda - ‘Balkan Criminology’ The Balkans, or to be more exact, the states of Southeast Europe, feature certain common political, historical, cultural, and structural traits that make it plausible to focus criminological and criminal justice research on the area as a whole. History provided the Balkans with common structures, as well as patterns of perception and behaviour, allowing for differentiation in respect of other parts of Europe and making it a criminological space sui generis. Adding to this the violent dissolution of Yugoslavia, a huge part of the region has been, and still is, affected by the consequences of wide spread ethnic conflict and ongoing state-building, whereby the criminal justice system plays a major role. Due to a lack of scientific counterparts in the Balkans, European criminological research, especially quantitative surveys, have so far at best covered only some parts of the region, creating an ‘empirical black hole’ in the very centre of the Balkans, and making a regional approach far overdue. Therefore, a regional approach is not only historically and sociologically plausible, but it also takes into account the transnational nature of organized crime and illegal markets: The main security challenge in the Balkans. Since conventional and violent crime seems to play a far less important role in the region as compared to the rest of Europe, it is essential to look at the region as a whole in search of the causes for such findings. Whether and how this relatively high level of security is reflected in the feelings and perceptions of (in)security and crime in the Balkans is another challenging research question. In addition the region can be explored in terms of new methodological trends in violence research (‘phenomenologically thick description of violence’) due to the presence of large-scale mass-violence, and the empirical potential this holds for criminological research. A final issue concerning not only the Balkans, but also international criminal justice at a global level deals with international sentencing: How should perpetrators of the most heinous crimes be dealt with, what is the purpose of their sentencing, which principles should govern the sentencing, and should there be a minimal range of sentences for the ‘worst of the worst’ offenders? Additionally, the MPPG shall take on ad hoc projects relevant for the development of the MPPG into a regional centre of criminological excellence. These just highlighted issues present the research agenda of the MPPG for Balkan Criminology and perfectly fit the research priorities of the MPICC (esp. criminological focal points III and V on Homeland Security, Organized Crime, and Terrorism – Societal Perceptions and Reactions; and The Development of Criminal Policy and the Rule of Law in Transitional Societies): Research Focus I: Violence, Organized Crime, and Illegal Markets Research Focus II: Feelings and Perceptions of (In)Security and Crime Research Focus III: International Sentencing Ad hoc projects: Restorative Justice at Post-Sentencing Level - Supporting and Protecting Victims; International Self-Report Delinquency (ISRD-3) Study; etc. Besides conducting criminological research in the region, there is a strong need to connect and interlink the present research potential, from the Balkans as well as from the outside. Numerous activities and projects are being implemented in the region by a vast number of local, national, regional, European, and international players. Yet, all this activism in pursuit of security and stability for the Balkans often unknowingly overlaps and unnecessary duplicates itself. The MPPG shall set up a ‘Balkan Criminology’ network that should enable a synergy of efforts in the field of criminology and criminal justice research, a field that can currently be best described as chaotic, uncoordinated, and overlapping. Outside players as well as those from inside the region desperately need a focal point, where they can establish the necessary contacts and exchange the basic information for their Balkan-focused activities. The MPPG shall also fill the current gap in regional scientific editing by founding the Journal of ‘Balkan Criminology’ - Acta ‘Criminologica Balcanica’ and enabling local research findings to be disseminated in a specialised scientific journal throughout the region and beyond. Additionally, a central listing of all major ‘Balkan Criminology’ events (conferences, courses etc.) and relevant ‘Balkan Criminology’ publications (especially security reports and crime trends from the region itself, but also a listing of relevant scientific journals) dealing with the above mentioned research focuses will be placed on a Partner Group web-page, which shall also lead to a synergy of all the criminal justice efforts put into the region and from the region. The interlinking of the MPICC and MPPG web-pages should be of mutual benefit, and serve as a dynamic and flexible platform for information dissemination and interest attraction.
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